A short history of land settlement in Tasmania

Students of the history of Tasmania know that Governor King, in Sydney, upon hearing that a French expedition was lingering suspiciously about Van Diemen's Land and the adjacent islands, decided to forestall them, and in fear of losing British territory despatched, in 1803, a small band of military officers, soldiers, prisoners, and settlers to take possession of and settle upon this island. This book details the history of land settlement from the early days of settlement. The author endeavours to show how the land in this island has been gradually disposed of, first by free grants, and then by purchase on long terms of credit. At the time of writing this process been carried on for 134 years and most of the good Crown land had been selected : there is still, however, a considerable area of second and third class country in this State, and if the scientists who are striving to turn all the land in this State to a good account can make any suggestions of a practical nature as to how it may be profitably treated, the native youth of Tasmania may still be able to purchase on long terms and make a living in his native State

Fluorspar mining and milling in southern Illinois

Fluorspar is fully as necessary a material in certain phases of steel manufacturing as the metal that enters the furnace. Without it, the basic open hearth practice probably would not have reached its dominant position among steel-making methods. Of the entire output of fluorspar, 80 to 85 percent is used in basic open-hearth and electric furnaces as a flux and detergent and there is today no known substitute. The mining of the ore on a large scale requires extensive underground workings, much the same as is found in metal mines. Since high extraction can not be accomplished the milling of the ore is very easy. Small scale operations are rapidly disappearing as the ore near the surface is mined out. Deep mining necessitates a large investment in expensive equipment. Three large companys now practically control the output of this district. One of these, the Hillside Fluorspar Mines, has the newest mine and mill eraboding the latest mining and milling methods, and therefore will be used as the source of information for the following pages. Location of the District. The Illinois fluorspar district is geographically located in the extreme southern part of the state. Geologically it is a part of what is generally known as the Kentucky-Illinois fluorspar field which covers part of Hardin and Pope counties in Illinois, and Crittenden, Livingston and Caldwell counties In Kentucky --Introduction, pages 4-5

Jurisdictional Amount in the Federal District Courts

In 1925, Judge Dobie, then professor of law at the University of Virginia, advanced a formula for determining the value of the matter in controversy in all federal question and diverse citizenship cases in the federal district courts. He called it a plaintiff-viewpoint rule, and stated it thus: The amount in controversy in the United States District Court is always to be determined by the value to the plaintiff of the right which he in good faith asserts in his pleading that sets forth the operative facts which constitute his cause of action. Since then, the rule has received sanction and support from eminently respectable authority. Judge Clark of the Second Circuit has said, This, the so-called plaintiff\u27s viewpoint test ... seems now well settled. ..,\u27 and Judge Parker of the Fourth Circuit has said, It is well settled that the measure of jurisdiction in a suit for injunction is the value to plaintiff of the right which he seeks to protect. Similarly, Moore, in his Federal Practice, wrote, It must be said, however, that the prevailing note of the decisions and the impulses of logic and expediency indicate that the amount in controversy should be determined from the standpoint of the plaintiff, and Judge Yankwich, in an article published in the Federal Rules Decisions, wrote, As a general proposition, it may be said that the test for determining the existence of the jurisdictional minimum is the value to the plaintiff of the right which he seeks to assert. \u27 Numerous writers for law reviews have taken a similar attitude

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE TESTBED FOR CYBER-SECURITY TRAINING AND RESEARCH (4)

Critical infrastructures encompass various sectors such as energy resources, manufacturing and governmental services, which tend to be dispersed over large geographic areas. With recent technological advancements over the last decade, they have developed to be increasingly dependent on Information and Communication Technology (ICT); where control systems and the use of sensor equipment help facilitate operation. In order to sustain the ever-increasing demands, it is essential that these systems can adapt by integrating various new and existing digital technologies. However, this results in an increased vulnerability to cyber-threats. In addition, the persistently evolving global state of ICT has resulted in the emergence of sophisticated cyber-threats. As dependence upon critical infrastructure systems continues to increase, so too does the urgency with which these systems need to be adequately protected. Unfortunately, the consequences of a successful cyber-attack can be dire, potentially resulting in the loss of life or a devastating effect on the operation of government services and the economy. Despite the seriousness of this problem, the development of new and innovative cyber-security methods are being hampered by the lack of access to real-world data for training, research and testing new design methodologies. As such, the project presented in this paper highlights an in-progress project, funded by UKAIS, for the development of an easily-replicable and affordable critical infrastructure testbed for cyber-security training and research

Sensor Package for Electrical Sensing of Plane Coordinates and Method of Preparing the Same

A sensor package for ready insertion in properly registered position upon, or for removal from, a cabinet employed in electrical sensing of plane coordinates, is constructed to provide accurate readings when pierced by a small manually operated cursor. A method for manufacturing the package including the affixing of accurately spaced electrodes on the package, is disclosed

Reconstruire un État-providence en Chine urbaine

Ces 15 dernières années, les villes chinoises ont subi des vagues de licenciements sans précédent et connu des taux de pauvreté croissants. La réaction des entreprises, des gouvernements locaux et de l’État central a donné naissance à une nouvelle forme de protection sociale. À partir d’une enquête de terrain menée dans neuf villes chinoises entre 2000 et 2002, et d’une analyse de sources documentaires plus récentes, je m’inspirerai de la littérature comparative sur la protection et l’aide sociales pour étudier les réponses politiques à ces licenciements et à cette pauvreté urbaine, et expliquer la nature de ce nouveau régime d’État-providence

Reconstruire un État-providence en Chine urbaine

Ces 15 dernières années, les villes chinoises ont subi des vagues de licenciements sans précédent et connu des taux de pauvreté croissants. La réaction des entreprises, des gouvernements locaux et de l’État central a donné naissance à une nouvelle forme de protection sociale. À partir d’une enquête de terrain menée dans neuf villes chinoises entre 2000 et 2002, et d’une analyse de sources documentaires plus récentes, je m’inspirerai de la littérature comparative sur la protection et l’aide sociales pour étudier les réponses politiques à ces licenciements et à cette pauvreté urbaine, et expliquer la nature de ce nouveau régime d’État-providence

Washing practices on the microflora on Georgia-grown cantaloupes.

In recent years, several foodborne illness outbreaks have been associated with the consumption of cantaloupe. Cantaloupes can be contaminated with pathogens anywhere from the field to the packing line. In the United States, cantaloupes are handled and packed differently in each state. Georgia-grown cantaloupes are brought to sheds, washed, and packed, whereas California-grown cantaloupes are field packed. In this study, the microbiological status of cantaloupes produced by four Georgia growers that use various washing and packing practices was assessed to determine the influence of these different practices. The facilities were visited four times during the harvest season. Aerobic bacteria, Escherichia coli, and coliforms on these Georgia-grown cantaloupes were enumerated in transport trailers, after washing, and after packing. Samples also were analyzed for the presence of Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7. In sheds 1 and 4, a chlorinated dump tank was used to wash melons. In sheds 2 and 3, heated water with chlorine was used in the dump tanks. Although there was a significant reduction (P0.05) in the populations of the aerobic bacteria and E. coli between the transport trailer and the dump tank for sheds 1 and 4, the reduction was less than 0.5 log CFU/cm2. The temperatures of the water in the dump tanks at sheds 2 and 3 were not high enough to effectively reduce the microbial populations evaluated. Populations on the melons increased slightly (0.5 log CFU/cm2) after the melons were removed from the dump tank, suggesting possible contamination after washing

Permanent draft genome sequences for two variants of Frankia sp. strain CpI1, the first Frankia strain isolated from root nodules of Comptonia peregrina

Frankia stains CpI1-S and CpI1-P are members of Frankia lineage Ia that are able to reinfect plants of the Betulaceae and Myricaceae families. Here, we report two 7.6-Mbp draft genome sequences with 6,396 and 6,373 candidate protein-coding genes for CpI1-S and CpI1-P, respectively